Tesla Semi put to the test in long-haul EV freight pilot

Global logistics company ArcBest has successfully completed a real-world trial of a long-range electric Tesla Semi, testing its performance over intercity routes in the western United States.

The three-week pilot, conducted through ArcBest’s less-than-truckload (LTL) carrier ABF Freight, involved operating a Class 8 Tesla Semi across long-haul and regional freight lanes between Reno, Nevada and Sacramento, California, as well as rail shuttle operations in the Bay Area.

The company reported the electric truck logged 7,230 kilometres over the trial period, averaging 517 kilometres per day with an energy efficiency of 1.55kWh per mile (approximately 0.96kWh per kilometre).

“Freight transportation is a vital part of the global economy, and we know it also plays a significant role in overall greenhouse gas emissions,” ArcBest chief innovation officer Dennis Anderson says.

“While the path to decarbonisation presents complex challenges — such as infrastructure needs and alternative fuel development — it also opens the door to innovation.

“Vehicles like the Tesla Semi highlight the progress being made and expand the boundaries of what’s possible as we work toward a more sustainable future for freight,” Anderson says.

The vehicle completed a range of tasks — including the steep 2,195-metre climb over Donner Pass — and generally matched the performance of diesel-powered trucks, according to the company.

Driver feedback was positive, with operators praising the Tesla Semi’s comfort, safety, and ease of use. Key features like its centre seat configuration, wide visibility, and intuitive controls were noted as contributing to a strong driving experience.

“We’re not looking for a truck that performs well ‘for an EV,’” ABF Freight president Matt Godfrey says.

“It must meet or exceed the performance and total cost of ownership targets of our most efficient diesel units. This pilot gives us great insight into the potential of EV semis in our operations.”

While the trial confirmed the truck’s operational capabilities, it also underscored the need for more robust charging infrastructure before widespread deployment becomes feasible across longer routes.

ArcBest says the trial marks another step in its push to integrate electric vehicles into its operations. The company already operates nine electric yard tractors, two electric forklifts, and two Class 6 electric straight trucks.

The company says it will continue assessing the long-term viability of Class 8 EVs.